SECTION 02200 — EARTHWORK
PART 1 — GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION
Extent of earthwork is indicated on Drawings.
1.02 UTILITIES
Locate existing utilities by hand excavation and provide protection from damage. Cooperate with Owner and utility companies for maintaining services. Do not break utility connections without notifying Owner and utility company a minimum of 48 hours in advance and providing acceptable temporary services. Repair damages to existing utilities as directed by utility company.
1.03 EXPLOSIVES
Use of explosives is not permitted.
1.04 PROTECTIONS
Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements and other facilities in areas of work. Barricade open excavations and provide warning lights. Comply with regulations of authorities having jurisdiction.
1.05 BRACING AND SHORING
Provide bracing and shoring as required in excavations to maintain sides and to protect adjacent structures from settlement, complying with local codes and regulations. Maintain until excavations are backfilled.
PART 2 — MATERIALS
2.01 SOIL MATERIALS
Satisfactory soil materials are defined as those complying with ASTM D 2487 soil classification groups GW, GP, GM, SM, SW, and SP.
Unsatisfactory soil materials are defined as those complying with ASTM D 2487 soil classification groups GC, SC, ML, MH, CL, CH, OL, OH and PT.
2.02 BASE FILL MATERIAL
Naturally or artificially graded mixture of natural or crushed gravel, crushed stone, or crushed slag free of vegetation, debris and other objectionable material.
2.03 BACKFILL AND FILL
Satisfactory soil materials free of clay, rock or gravel larger than 2" in any dimension, debris, waste, water, frozen materials, vegetable and other deleterious matter. If imported backfill and/or fill is required, it shall be treated as an additional cost to be borne by the Owner.
PART 3 — EXECUTION
3.01 EXCAVATION
Remove and dispose of material encountered to obtain required subgrade elevations, including pavement, obstructions visible on ground surface, underground structures and utilities indicated to be removed.
Unauthorized excavation (removal of materials beyond indicated subgrade elevations) may be filled with lean concrete, or corrected by extending indicated bottom elevation of footing to lower elevation, as acceptable to Architect.
Stockpile excavated materials on building site until required for fill and backfill.
Excavate for structure to elevations and dimensions shown, extending excavation a sufficient distance to permit placing and removal of other work and for inspection. Trim bottom to required lines and grades to provide solid base to receive concrete.
Excavate for trenches to depth indicated or required and to establish indicated flow lines or invert elevations. Maintain uniform width for particular item to be installed, including width to provide ample working room. Provide 6" to 9" clearance on both sides of pipe or conduit. Outside building, excavate trenches for water bearing pipe so top of pipe is not less than 6'-0" below finished grade.
Cut ground under pavements to comply with cross sections, elevations and grades indicated or required.
If unsatisfactory soil materials are encountered at design elevations continue elevation as directed by Engineer. If conditions are not the result of Contractor's negligence, additional excavation will be measured as directed by Engineer and paid for in accordance with contract conditions relative to changes in work.
3.02 BACKFILL AND FILL
Backfill excavations as promptly as work permits.
Prepare ground surface to receive fill by removing vegetation, debris, unsatisfactory soil materials and obstructions. Scarify as required so that fill material will bond with existing surface.
Place backfill and fill materials in layers 8" to 12" in loose depth, compacting each layer to required maximum density to required elevations. Do not place materials on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain ice or frost.
Use base material where indicated or required under piping or conduit. Shape to fit bottom 90° of cylinder.
3.04 COMPACTION
Compact each layer of backfill and fill soil materials and the top 12" of subgrade for structures, slabs, steps and pavements to 90% maximum density for cohesive soils and 95% relative density for cohesionless soils. At lawns or unpaved areas, 85% maximum density for cohesive soils and 90% relative density for cohesionless soils.
Sprinkle water on surface of subgrade or layers of soil material where soil is too dry to permit compaction to required density. Remove and replace, or scarify and air dry soil material that is too wet to permit compaction to required density.
Place pavement base course material in layers of indicated thickness, over subgrade surface to support walks and pavement. Place single layer for course 6" thick or less and equal layers for courses more than 6" thick. Compact each lift.
3.05 GRADING
Grade areas indicated, including adjacent transition areas, with uniform slopes or levels between finish elevations. Shape surface areas to within 0.10' above or below required subgrade elevation, compacted as required.
3.06 MAINTENANCE
Repair and re-establish grades in settled, eroded, rutted or otherwise damaged areas. In damaged compacted areas, scarify surface, re-shape, and compact to required density prior to further construction.
3.07 DISPOSAL
Remove excess excavated material, trash, debris and waste material from site.
END OF SECTION 02200
EARTHWORK 02200-#
courtesy of Design Coalition, Architects. , Madison, Wisconsin, USA ~~ www.designcoalition.org